Ukraine is stepping up efforts to protect its railway system after a surge in Russian drone attacks targeting locomotives, stations, and infrastructure. More than 1,600 such attacks were reported in the first eight months of 2026, according to Oleh Holovashchenko of Ukrzaliznytsia, the state rail operator.
One recent incident occurred on September 16, when a Russian drone struck a train traveling between Kyiv and Mykolaiv. Similar attacks took place days earlier near the Polish border and at a key border crossing, close to Polish territory. Fortunately, no injuries were reported, as emergency systems allowed for passenger evacuations prior to attacks.
Significant Damage to Locomotives and Infrastructure
The Russian military has reportedly damaged or destroyed over 500 Ukrainian locomotives since the full-scale invasion began in 2022, with the majority of these strikes occurring this year. Ukrainian Foreign Minister Andrii Sybiha described these attacks as part of a destabilization effort targeting Ukraine’s logistics system.
Targeting locomotives exploits their high thermal signatures, which make them easily identifiable to drones. Experts warn that strikes on diesel locomotives can cause catastrophic fuel explosions, while attacks on electric engines can cause fires that cripple entire rail sections.
Government Measures to Strengthen Defenses
On September 15, President Volodymyr Zelenskyy convened the Supreme Commander-in-Chief staff to address improving protection of critical infrastructure, including rail logistics. Discussions included expanding electronic warfare capabilities, reorganizing mobile fire teams, and reinforcing air defenses. Plans to establish backup logistics routes and secure additional funding were also prioritized.
Ukrzaliznytsia’s Response and Adaptations
Ukrzaliznytsia has established a monitoring center that tracks drones and trains across Ukraine to enable early detection and increased precautionary stops. The emergence of faster, jet-propelled drones has reduced reaction time, prompting more frequent evacuations and the deployment of buses in high-risk areas to substitute train services.
Staff receive psychological support to assist passengers during emergency evacuations. As winter approaches, preparations are underway to ensure trains remain heated despite risks of delays caused by attacks or weather.
Negotiations with international partners are ongoing, with a contract signed to acquire French-built locomotives compatible with Ukraine’s broad-gauge rail lines. These new engines are expected to arrive next year, but repairs and robust maintenance remain critical in the interim.
